Table 1 Baseline characteristics of the included cases
From: Systematic review of case series and case reports on pediatric pulmonary embolism
n (%) | |
|---|---|
Risk factors | |
Male | 59 (52.68%) |
Thrombophilia | 36 (32.14%) |
DVT | 22 (19.64%) |
Previous surgery | 20 (17.86%) |
Systemic infection | 18 (16.07%) |
Immobility/travel | 17 (15.18%) |
Obesity | 15 (13.39%) |
Central venous catheter | 11 (9.82%) |
Previous trauma | 8 (7.14%) |
OCP | 8 (7.14%) |
Congenital heart diseases | 7 (6.25%) |
Malignancy | 5 (4.46%) |
Dehydration | 5 (4.46%) |
Prematurity | 4 (3.57%) |
Presenting symptom/sign | |
Dyspnea | 53 (47.32%) |
Hypoxia | 42 (37.50%) |
High D-dimer | 42 (37.50%) |
Chest pain | 37 (33.04%) |
Fever | 36 (32.14%) |
Tachypnea | 31 (27.68%) |
Cough | 29 (25.89%) |
Abnormal X-ray | 28 (25%) |
Tachycardia | 26 (23.21%) |
Leukocytosis | 17 (15.18%) |
LL edema and tenderness | 16 (14.29%) |
Hypotension | 13 (11.61%) |
Cyanosis | 10 (8.93%) |
Abdominal pain | 10 (8.93%) |
LL pain | 9 (8.04%) |
Crackles | 8 (7.14%) |
Anemia | 8 (7.14%) |
Hemoptysis | 8 (7.14%) |
Cardiac arrest | 6 (5.36%) |
Modality of diagnosis | |
CTA | 29 (25.89%) |
CT | 24 (21.43%) |
Autopsy | 10 (8.93%) |
Ventilation perfusion scan | 9 (8.04%) |
Chest X-ray | 9 (8.04%) |
Echo | 7 (6.25%) |
D-dimer | 1 (0.89%) |
Doppler ultrasound | 1 (0.89%) |