Table 2 A summary of case reports documenting MVT in patients with nephrotic syndrome
Ref. | Age | Sex | Onset | Clinical presentation | Thrombosis involvement | Creatinine | Proteinuria | Serum albumin | Renal biopsy |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
[6] | 46 | M | At diagnosis | Abdominal pain, abdominal fullness | Portal, splenic, and mesenteric veins | 1.58 mg/dL | 24-HUP: 24.15 g/day | 22 g/L | MCD |
[7] | 25 | M | At relapse | Abdominal distension, bloody diarrhea | Superior mesenteric vein | 1.4 mg/dL | Unknown | 15 g/L | MCD |
[11] | 31 | M | At relapse | Abdominal pain, vomiting | Portal, splenic, and superior mesenteric veins | 0.96 mg/dL | UPCR: 4353 mg/g | 16 g/L | MCD |
[12] | 19 | M | At relapse | Abdominal pain, bilateral peripheral edema, foamy urine | Superior mesenteric vein | 1.03 mg/dL | 24-HUP: 17.19 g/day | 16 g/L | FSGS |
[13] | 19 | M | At relapse | Abdominal distension, bilateral lower leg edema | Portal, superior mesenteric, and inferior mesenteric veins | 0.75 mg/dL | 24-HUP (at time of diagnosis): 6.68 mg/day | 7 g/L | MPG |
[14] | 53 | M | At diagnosis | Abdominal pain, bilateral lower leg edema, watery diarrhea | Portal and superior mesenteric veins | 0.7 mg/dL | 24-HUP: 5.29 g/day | 21 g/L | MCD |
[15] | 12 | M | At relapse | Abdominal pain and distension, facial puffiness, oliguria | Portal and superior mesenteric veins | 0.93 mg/dL | 24-HUP: 5.5 g/day | 18 g/L | MPG |
[15] | 13 | M | At relapse | Abdominal pain, vomiting, facial puffiness, oliguria | Portal and superior mesenteric veins | 2.7 mg/dL | 24-HUP: 3.5 g/day | 17 g/L | FSGS |
[16] | 26 | M | At relapse | Abdominal pain and distension, bilateral lower leg edema | Portal and superior mesenteric veins | 1.2 mg/dL | SUP: 500 mg/dL | 10 g/L | MCD |
[29] | 56 | M | At relapse | Abdominal pain | Portal, splenic, and superior mesenteric veins | Unknown | 24-HUP: 10.5/day | 25 g/L | FSGS |
[30] | 41 | M | At relapse | Abdominal pain, vomiting, oliguria | Portal, splenic, mesenteric veins | 3.8 mg/dL | SUP: 250 mg/dL | 17 g/L | MCD |
[31] | 52 | M | At diagnosis | Abdominal pain and distension, oliguria | Portal and superior mesenteric veins | 1.1 mg/dL | 24-HUP: 3.467 g/day | 17 g/L | Not done |
[32] | 18 | M | At diagnosis | Abdominal distension, vomiting, diarrhea | Portal, splenic, and superior mesenteric veins | 1.56 mg/dL | 24-HUP: 15.28 g/day | 14.6 g/L | MCD |
Our case | 25 | M | At diagnosis | Abdominal pain, vomiting | Superior mesenteric vein | 4.88 mg/dL | 24-HUP: > 15 g/day | 11.6 g/L | MCD |